Morphine
Also called morfina.
The reference opioid painkiller and the molecule that gives the opium poppy its power. Every other opioid is measured against it.
Sources and notes
- The introductionfrom sourceMoleculeFinder curated
- Other namesfrom sourceWikidataIts English label and aliases on Wikidata.
- Formula and weightcomputedPubChem
- 2D drawingcomputedPubChem structure, drawn by RDKit
- 3D modelfrom sourcePubChem 3D conformerLoaded after the page has painted, and on a phone only when you ask for it; the 2D drawing shows until it arrives.
Where you encounter it
Dispensed on prescription, not sold on a shelf. Morphine on the product labels we hold.
Medicines
Every product and list we hold
Sources and notes
- The product labels and their strengthsfrom sourceDailyMed (FDA label)Each label lists the molecule as an ingredient, and an active ingredient at the strength shown.
- How it gets therefrom sourceMoleculeFinder curatedEach mark is set by hand on our lists, never inferred; a label's ingredient is added by the maker. A row with no mark data says Not marked.
- The line abovefrom sourceMoleculeFinder curatedFrom the group the molecule belongs to.
Explore its structure
Choose a part to light it up.
An O-H fixed directly to a benzene ring. The ring makes that hydrogen easier to give up than an ordinary alcohol's, which is why many phenols act as antioxidants.
From: standard chemistry.
A nitrogen bonded to three carbons, with no hydrogen of its own. Its spare pair of electrons can still pick up a hydrogen ion, so a tertiary amine is a base.
From: standard chemistry.
An O-H on a carbon that is not part of an aromatic ring, the group that makes a molecule an alcohol. It both gives and accepts hydrogen bonds, which helps the molecule mix with water.
From: standard chemistry.
Sources and notes
- The drawingcomputedPubChem structure, drawn by RDKitThe page's one shipped drawing, with the chosen part lit in amber under it.
- The partscomputedFound by ruleEach part is found by a chemical pattern, never picked by hand atom by atom; its words say where they come from.
Compare a related molecule
Morphine
Fentanyl
Morphine and fentanyl bind the same opioid receptor, but synthetic fentanyl reaches the brain in minutes and acts at a small fraction of the amount.
Morphine vs Fentanyl, side by sideSources and notes
- The sentencefrom sourceMoleculeFinder comparison notesThe pair's answer line.
- The two drawingscomputedPubChem structures, drawn by RDKitThe two drawings side by side.
Properties and sources
Calculated by PubChem
- Molecular formula
- C17H19NO3
- Molecular weight
- 285.34 g/mol
- XLogP3octanol/water, log units
- 0.8
- Polar surface areatopological
- 52.9 Ų
- H-bond donors
- 2
- H-bond acceptors
- 4
- Rotatable bonds
- 0
- Complexity
- 494
Measured LD50, HSDB via PubChem
335 mg/kg pure morphine, rat, oral
An LD50 is an animal study measurement, not a dose for a person.
Reported Hazard label (GHS), ECHA via PubChem
Warning Irritant pictogram (GHS07) and Health hazard pictogram (GHS08); hazard statements H302, H317, H336, H361, H362
Reported Licence
The US Food and Drug Administration licenses Morphine for human use (NDA 018565, authorized September 18, 1984), as Infumorph. Drugs@FDA
Groups it belongs to
- Category
- Prescription medicine
- Family
- Opioids, Non-opioid painkillers
- Elements
- Nitrogen
- Hazard classes
- Irritant, Health hazard, GHS Warning
CN1CC[C@]23[C@@H]4[C@H]1CC5=C2C(=C(C=C5)O)O[C@H]3[C@H](C=C4)OPubChem CID 5288826 · Wikidata Q81225 · InChIKey BQJCRHHNABKAKU-KBQPJGBKSA-N · Data refreshed
Questions
- What is Morphine?
- The reference opioid painkiller and the molecule that gives the opium poppy its power. Every other opioid is measured against it.
- How toxic is Morphine?
- The reported LD50 of Morphine is 335 mg/kg (rat, oral). An LD50 is an animal study measurement, not a dose for a person. Its GHS hazard label carries the signal word Warning and the hazard pictograms Irritant and Health hazard. from sourcefrom source
- What kind of molecule is Morphine?
- Morphine has the formula C17H19NO3 and a molecular weight of 285.34 g/mol. MoleculeFinder files it under opioids, in the prescription medicine group. from sourcefrom sourcefrom sourcefrom source
- What else is Morphine called?
- Morphine is also called morfina. from source
- Who licenses Morphine as a medicine?
- The US Food and Drug Administration licenses Morphine for human use (NDA 018565, authorized September 18, 1984), as Infumorph. from source
Sources and notes
- Calculated valuescomputedPubChemComputed from the structure, so no laboratory conditions apply; complexity is PubChem's own structural score.
- LD50from sourceHSDB via PubChemOther values the sources report: rat, another route, 109 mg/kg; rat, intravenous, 140 mg/kg; rat, another route, 160 mg/kg. The page shows the one LD50 the site uses everywhere.
- Hazard labelfrom sourceECHA via PubChemThe label combines these classifications.
- ECHAfrom sourceAttributionSource: European Chemicals Agency, echa.europa.eu.
- Licencefrom sourceDrugs@FDARead 2026-10-21.
- Data refreshedfrom sourceMoleculeFinder2026-11-09
Keep exploring
More related molecules
- Hydrocodone Also an opioid
Sources and notes
- Compared side by sidefrom sourceMoleculeFinder comparison notesA molecule we compare it with on its own page.
- The same kind of moleculefrom sourceMoleculeFinder curated groupsA structural neighbour in the same family or type group; the line names the group in its own words.
- The drawingscomputedPubChem structures, drawn by RDKit